Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin) is a cobalamin, a naturally occurring organometallic compound containing cobalt. Unlike Cyanocobalamin, Methylcobalamin possesses a methyl group attached to the cobalt ion, making it the bio-active coenzyme form required for the function of the enzyme methionine synthase. Research investigates its critical role in the methylation cycle, specifically the conversion of homocysteine to methionine and DNA synthesis. For Research Use Only. Not for human consumption.
Methylcobalamin is a specific form of Vitamin B12 with the molecular formula C₆₃H₉₁CoN₁₃O₁₄P. Structurally, it consists of a corrin ring surrounding a central cobalt ion. In this specific configuration, the ligand attached to the cobalt is a methyl group, distinguishing it from other forms like Cyanocobalamin or Hydroxocobalamin. This structural difference allows Methylcobalamin to participate directly in methyl-group transfer reactions without the need for metabolic conversion.
Scientific interest in Methylcobalamin centers on its role as a cofactor for the cytosolic enzyme methionine synthase. This enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, an essential amino acid. By modulating this pathway, researchers investigate the compound’s influence on cellular DNA synthesis and the regulation of homocysteine levels, which are markers often associated with vascular and endothelial health in research models.
In neurobiological research, Methylcobalamin is studied for its potential effects on the nervous system. Animal studies have explored its involvement in the synthesis of neuronal lipids and the maintenance of the myelin sheath. Furthermore, investigations utilize this compound to observe its impact on nerve regeneration and axonal transport in models of peripheral neuropathy.
This product is strictly for laboratory and research purposes only. Vitamin B12 is not intended for human use, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures. It serves as a reagent for scientific study and method development.
References
- Zhang, Y., et al. (2013). “Methylcobalamin: A Potential Vitamin of Pain Modulation.” Neural Plasticity, 2013, 424651.
- Takahashi, K., et al. (2005). “Methylcobalamin increases Erk1/2 and Akt activities through the methylation cycle and promotes nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve injury model.” Experimental Neurology, 192(2), 289-299.
- Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., et al. (2019). “The Many Faces of Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Deficiency.” Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes, 3(2), 200-214.